Lithium batteries inevitably produce waste gas, waste water, waste residue, etc. during the manufacturing process. The main waste gases in the lithium battery industry include organic waste gas generated in the coating process and organic solvent waste gas generated during the diaphragm coating and packaging. These waste gases not only threaten the environment and the health of employees, so it needs to be effectively treated during the production process.
What is lithium battery?
Lithium batteries are batteries that use lithium metal or lithium alloy as positive/negative electrode materials and non-aqueous electrolyte solutions. Due to its small size, light weight, high energy density, and long service life, it is widely used in portable communication devices such as mobile phones and computers. In addition, with the development of lithium battery technology, it has also begun to be widely used in automobiles, electric vehicles, satellites, and space shuttles. For example, the most commonly used power batteries in new energy vehicles are ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries.
Sources of lithium battery waste gas
Lithium battery waste gas mainly comes from the volatilization of electrolyte, sintering of positive and negative electrode materials, battery charging and discharging process, etc. The main components of waste gas include organic solvents, acids, alkalis, salts, heavy metals and other harmful substances.
What are the methods for battery exhaust gas treatment?
Effective treatment of waste gas from lithium battery production is crucial to environmental protection and corporate compliance. After years of development, the industry has formed a series of mature treatment solutions that can meet the needs of different production scenarios.
Alkali washing tower treatment:
Alkali washing tower can separate pollutants such as fluoride in the gas and convert them into harmless substances to achieve the purpose of purifying the gas.
Activated carbon adsorption:
Activated carbon has a highly developed microporous structure and a large specific surface area, which can effectively adsorb toxic and harmful substances in the exhaust gas. After adsorption saturation, the toxic and harmful substances adsorbed on the activated carbon are desorbed by the desorption device to achieve resource recycling.
Combustion method:
The combustion method is divided into direct combustion, thermal combustion and catalytic combustion. Through combustion, harmful substances in organic waste gas can be converted into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide and water vapor.
Condensation method:
The condensation method relies on the different properties of saturated vapor pressure of organic waste gas and other gases at different temperatures to separate volatile organic compounds that are easy to be condensed and separated.
Among the above methods, activated carbon adsorption is relatively common and is suitable for purification of low-concentration organic waste gas with large air volume, low concentration, no particles, no sticky matter, and normal temperature. At the same time, in the process of waste gas treatment, and pretreatment needs attention, such as spray tower alkali washing, water washing, oil removal, etc., to achieve better treatment effect.
Conclusion
The waste gas problem generated during the production of lithium batteries is becoming increasingly prominent, especially the organic waste gas and solvent waste gas in the coating process. Among the various treatment methods, activated carbon has become the preferred solution for large air volume and low concentration organic waste gas treatment due to its excellent adsorption performance and economy.
As a professional manufacturer in the activated carbon industry, Zhulin Carbon provides customized solutions for lithium battery waste gas. Welcome to contact our technical team to tailor the most suitable waste gas treatment solution for you.